Method of and apparatus for weaving



8. E. F. CLARK 2,437,378

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR WEAVING Filed Dec. e, 1944 v sheets-sheet 1jfl/5 M d? March 9, 1948. E. F. CLARK METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FORWEAVING Filed Dec. 6, 1944 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 9v, 1948. E. F. CLARKMETHOD oF AND APPARATUS Fon wEAvING '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 6, 1944NNN March 9, 1948. E. F. CLARK 2,437,378

METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR WEAVING Filed Dec. e, 1944 7 sheets-sheet 49 HH" m46 k @merg/w.'

March 9, 1948. E, F, CLARK ETHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR WEAVING Filed Dec.6, 1944 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 .Mmh 9, l948 A E. F. CLARK 2,437,378

mamon oF Arm APPARATUS Fon wEAvIuG 'A Filed Dec. e, 1944 '7 sheets-sheete 2 fa/e2@ r.' Y Zz-@992261. Zar/;

9, 1948. E, F, CLARK 2,437,378

HETHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR WEAVING Filed Dec. 6, 1944 7 sheets-sheet '7Patented Mar. 9, 1948 METHOD F AND APPARATUS FOB WEAVING Eugene F.Clark, Damariscotta, Maine, assignor to Marshall Field and Company,Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application December s,`1s44,semi Ne. scossa (c1. 13s-4s) 1 44 Claims.

My invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for weaving,preferably for the weaving of heavy pile fabrics used for rugs andcarpets and the'like, as well as draperies, and tapestries, and may alsobe used for terry cloth used in the manufacture of bath towels, bathmats, and the like.

The primary object of'my invention is the provision of mechanismincorporated in a loom for the weaving of pile into fabricsindependently of any of the apparatus for the Weaving of the fabric basein a continuous process, with the warp taken from warp beams in theusual manner with filling threads woven with the warp threads to formthe backing, while the pile is formed from continuous strands of yarntaken from a beam, spools, banks or creels and woven into the fabricinitially in the form of loop pile, formed by means of guides whichthread the yarn back and forth overfingers which extend warpwise of theloom in front of the harnesses and between the fingers into the shed ofthe loom where the filler threads are inserted through the open warp and-loops andbeat up into fabric.

I am aware that in the art of weaving, fingers or wires extendingwarpwise of the loom in combination with doup heddles or harness havebeen employed for the weaving of certain kinds of fabrics, usuallylightweight, as compared with carpets, and in which wires, fingers orgauges are used which usually extend through the harness, which confinesthe use of looms of this type to very narrow limits, usually to 'openfabrics or loosely Woven fabrics. Also, for the weaving of heavyfabrics, wires or guides extending fillerwise of the loom have beenemployed, but both of these types are objectionable because of thediiculty of handling doup needles and the insertion and removal of thefillerwise guides, In my improved loom I am able to weave heavy andclose woven pile fabric very rapidly and very accurately with varyingkinds and types of pile yarn and in which the pile yarn is accuratelyand firmly woven into the base fabric and in such nearly perfectcondition that it requires very little hurling and very little trimming,so that ya saving in time and labor is secured as well as a substantialsaving in material, which is not true with respect to some of the otherforms of weaving.

Another and further object of my invention is the provision of a loomhaving spaced lingers extending parallelwith the warp, mounted in frontof the harness and independent in operation therefrom, over whichstrands of pile yarn are of the fingers, if loops are desired, andsevered through the crown of the loops by knives mounted along the uppersides of the fingers adjacent the 4 ends to form the usual pile, withfrom three to five loops normally being on the fingers at all times toform a backing against which the suc.

ceeding loops are beat, thereby providing a heavier pile more closelywoven and evenly formed than is pOssible heretofore.

Another and further object of myy invention is the provision of a loomin which any and all kinds of materials such as wool, worsted, cotton,jute, rayon, and nylon yarn and combinations thereof may be used, withparticular emphasis placed upon cotton yarn, which is especiallydifficult to weave properly into pile fabric, and in which plain oral1-over fabrics in color or design andvvarious combinations thereof canbe woven or various patterns may' be woven, particularly through the useof spot dyeing now common `with many types of weaving, if desired.

Another and further object of my invention is the provisionA of a loomin which the pile may be fashioned to any height desired or with tightor closely woven pile or loosely Woven if desired with the usual varietyof picks or ends, as may be desired, and in which plain back or woventhrough to the back fabrics may be woven with the placing of shots offiller threads in many combinations, and also for the weaving of variouskinds and types of fabric now commonly used in the making of shag rugsand carpets and the like.

Another and further object of my invention is the elimination of wastein the weaving operation in that all of the material is incorporated inthe finished pile, whereas in the normal cutv ting .of the pile yarn inthe ordinary weaving there is usually a. large amount of waste, all ofwhichis saved through the use of my improved loom, as there is no wastein the weaving operation.

Another and further object of my invention is the provision of a loom inwhich the hurling and finishing operations are materially reduced, insome of the operations as much as one-half.

Anotherand further object of my invention is the provision of thecombination of fixed fingers free of the harness, and sets of pile yarnguides. movable iillerwise in combination with raising and loweringmeans therefor, all of which is independent and free of all otheroperating parts ot the loom but operate in synchronism therewith for theweaving of the pile into the fabric, l

the sets of guides being shifted together if desired or independently inopposite directions for the production of various kinds of pile, colorcombinations of pile, and various texture effects, thereby retainingcontrol of the strands oi Pile yarnat all times.

Another and further object of my invention is the provision of a loomfor the making of pile fabrics in which the strand of yarn forming thepile is retained under control and under such tension as may bedesirable at all times, until it becomes an integral part of the fabric,and at no time are there any loose or free ends of the pile yarn such asis the case in some of the practices heretofore followed in the weavingof'pile fabrics.

Another and further object of my invention is the provision of pileweaving apparatus which operates independently of the warp handlingapparatus of the loom and without regard to the number or spacing of thewarps and in which the op.. eration of the loom is very much faster andmore accurate than what is possible at the present time.

Another and further object of my invention is the provision of a loom inwhich double looped pile is woven through the use of two pile yarn guidebars, which, when yarn of contrasting co1- ors is looped together,presents a fabric of unusually attractive appearance and in whichexceeding coarse pile yarn may also be used, thus increasing the speedof Weaving and producing a tight, heavy pile having long wearingqualities.

These and other objects of my invention will be more fully and betterunderstood by reference to the accompanying sheets of drawings, and inwhich- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a loom embodying my invention,the side of the machine illustrated being on the right side of theoperator of the loom.

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the opposite side of the loom.

Figure 3 is a plan sectional view on lines 3-3 oi' Figure 1 with some ofthe pile inserting guides and fingers being omitted and showing the pileguide bar shifting means Figure 4 is a detail side elevational view ofthe pile Weaving mechanism showing the upper position of the pile yarninsertion guides and showing two pile yarn guide bars with pile yarnguides, one in dotted position.

Figure 5 is a detail side elevational view of the pile weaving mechanismshowing two pile yarn guide bars, the front guide being in dottedposition. with the guides extending into the shed of the loom.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of one of the pile forming fingers forloop pile.

Figure '1 is a perspective view of a finger used in forming and cuttingthe loops of the pile.

Figure 8 is a top plan view of a portion of the guide bar shifting meanswhich is arranged to shift the guide bars in opposite directions.

Figure 9 is a diagrammatic expanded perspective view showing two pileguide bars with front and rear guides for the weaving of double orcrossed loop pile.

Figure 10 is a bottom plan view on a reduced scale of the apparatusillustrated in Fig. 9.

Figure 11 is a diagrammatic expanded view similar to Fig. 9 with thepile guide bars shifted to a position opposite to that shown in Fig. 9.

Figure 12 is a bottom plan view in a reduced scale of the apparatus inthe position shown in Fig. 11.

Figure 13 is an expanded diagrammatic view of one of the fabricsproduced with a single set of pile insertion guides; and

Figure 14 is an expanded diagrammatic view of one of the fabricsproduced with the multiple set of pile guides.

Figure 15 is a vertical sectional view of a piece of fabric produced bymy improved loom.

AReferring specifically to the drawings and in which like referencecharacters refer to like parts throughout, a main frame I0 is showngenerally rectangular in shape upon which all of the operating parts aremounted for weaving purposes. The loom as ilustrated is adapted toproduce a pile securely Woven into a base fabric and it is the Weavingof the pile with which my invention has particular reference, with theapparatus for weaving the base fabric being old in the art and formingno part of my present invention.

A motor 9 is mounted on the frame I0 for supplying power for theoperation of the loom, having any form of power transmitting means tothe main drive shaft I I of the loom mounted in the frame I0, such as abelt I2 extending over a pulley I3 on the motor shaft and a pulley I4 onthe end of the main drive shaft II,

The pile fabric base is woven of the usual warp and filler preferably ofa series of groups of warp threads usually three in number asillustrated in Figures 13 and 14 such as I5, I6, and I1, with a beam I8carrying the warp threads I5 and I6, and a beam I9, on arms 20, 2li ofthe main frame I0, carrying the warp threads I1, although manycombinations and variations of weave are possible through the operationof the harness through which all the warp passes. Arm 2l, 2I areprovided on the outer end of which is a fixed roll 22 and snap rolls 23and 24 around which the warp threads I1 pass with an arm 25 which isconnected to let-off and take-up mechanism (not shown because thismechanism is well-known in the art and does not form any part of mypresent invention). An arm 26 is provided from which a weight 21 issuspended which serves to apply tension to the warp yarn I1.Intermediate the ends of the .arms `2 I, 2I is a pair of snap rollers 28and 29 with an arm 30 being provided from which a weight 3I is suspendedby means of which the warp I5 and i6 is kept under tension with an arm32 leading to the let-off mechanism of the loom. Harnesses 33, 34, and35 of the usual form are shown and through which the warps I5, I6, andI1 are threaded, which have rods 36, 36 connected thereto which lead tosuitable cams on the drive shaft II, commonly used in looms of thischaracter and not shown in the drawing because they form no part of mypresent invention. A reed or beating means is provided comprising' a box31, having reed dents 38, 38 mounted thereon with openings thereinthrough which the warps I5, I6, and I1 are threaded. The reed box 31 isoperated by rocker arms 31a, 31a mounted on a shaft 39 in brackets onthe frame II) in the usual manner and operated by a lever 40 connectedwith a cam on the drive shaft I I through proper linkage, all of whichis common in loom construction. y

At one side (Figure 1) of the loom is a frame 4I upon which a needletrack 42 is mounted by means of angles 43 with a needle carriage 44slidably mounted on the track 42 with a needle 45 being securedat itsrear end to the needle carriage 44 and passing through a fixed guide 46mounted on the track 42 with the usual operating mechanism for passingthe needle 45 llerwise of the loom for the insertion `of the llerthreads between the warps or "making the shot" as it is known in thisparticular kind of weaving. A breast beam 41 is provided transversely ofthe frame I8 at the front thereof with brackets 48, 48 being provided towhich a breast plate 49 is fastened for the support of the fabric afterit has been woven. The apparatus thus far described has long been in useand is well known and understood in the art, and if desired willfunction to weave complete fabric 'which in eifect is the foundationfabric of carpets, rugs, and the like,

My particular invention has to do with the incorporation of the pileyarn in the fabric during the process of weaving lthe fabric, either theform of loops or cut pile as desired. If cut pile is desired.-l thenth'e loops are severed by knives mounted in the ngers o ver which thepile loops are initially formed during the weaving of the fabric.Brackets 58, 58 are secured to the frame l `screws 64, 54 extendingthrough the upper horizontal flange of the Z bars 52, 52 and intoengagement with the upper edges of the brackets 68, 58. The nger holdingbar 5| is mounted upon horizontal flanges 55, 55 of the Z bars 52, 52 atthe lower sides thereof and forward of and entirely free of harnesses33, 34, and 35, and has a plurality of spaced ngers 56, 56 mountedtherein and extending forward therefrom with their free ends terminatingover the breast plate 48.

The fingers 56, 56 at their rear ends, have recesses 59, 59 therein andare tted over arib 68 formed in the bar 5I and are spaced from eachother by being seated in slots formed in the forward edge of the bar 5Iwith a cap 6| extending across the top of the bar 5I and secured theretoby means of screws 58, 58. The bar and finger assembly is held inposition on the Z bar brackets 52, 52 by means of cap screws 62, 62.

The ngers 56, 56 are of two kinds as illustrated in detail in Figures 6and '7 of the drawings. Fingers 56, 56 having tapered ends are used forthe weaving of fabrics with loop pile. When it is desired to producefabric having the usual cut pile, fingers 63 are used, each of thesengers 63 each having its free end slotted and a. knife 64 insertedtherein, which severs the loops as they are pushed into engagement withthe knives 64, 64 during the weaving of the fabric.

A pile yarn beam 65 is mounted on the top of the loom frame by brackets66, 66 with a gear wheel 61 on the beam shaft in engagement with a worm68 on a shaft 69 leading to the let-of! and take-up mechanismtheretofore' referred to as being common to all looms of this character.The pile yarn 18 passes over a snap roller 12, a xed roller 13 mountedin brackets A14, l14 secured to the frame I8, while a roller 15pivotally mounted in arms 16, 16 applies tension to the yarn 18 by meansof an arm 11 having a weight 18 thereon, with another arm 19 leading tothe take-up and let-0E mechanism. The yarn 18 is passed through an openreed 88 which acts as a 6 spacing means for the yarn and into the pileinsertion guides presently described.

Brackets 8| and 82 are secured to the frame I8 on each side thereof,upon which a rocker member assembly is mounted comprising a shaft 83having arms 84 and 85 adjacent each end thereof and extending radiallytherefrom, upon which arms 84 and 85 the guide bar members or frames 86and 81 are pivotally mounted for lateral movement by means of bolts 88,88 which pass through the guide bar members 86 and 81 intermediate theirends.-

The front lower portions of these guide bar members 86 and 81 aregenerally rectangular in shape, extend outward towards the front of theloom and have guide bars 89 and 89a mounted therein in side by siderelation with spacers 89h therebetween and iixed to the members 86 and81 by means of studs'89c and 89d. each of which is fixed in one of theguide bar members 89 and 89a and extends through an elongated opening inthe other bar so these bars 89 and 89a are movable relative kto eachother and slide on the spacers y89h through which each of the studs 89eand 89d extend. For example, the stud 88e may be xed in the bar 89 andextend rearwardly through a hole 'in the guide bar member 86 andforwardly through the spacer 89h and through an elongated opening in theguide bar 89a. with anut loosely positioned on the forward end of thestud 89o so that the guide bar 89 will be moved latterly by the guidebar member 86, and the stud 89o will slide in the elongated openinginthe guide bar 89a. At the opposite end of the 'guide bars se and ssathe stud ssa win be fixed in the guide bar 89a and extend through anelongated opening in the bar 89 and be secured to the guide bar member81. This particular arrangement may be reversed if desired, but in anyevent the movement of the guide bars 83 and 69a. is independent of eachother and actuatedby the guide bar members 86 and 81 llerwise of theloom.

A plurality of spaced guides 98, 98 are mounted in the guide bar 89 byscrews 9|, 9l` each of these guides 98, 98 having eyelets 92, 92 thereinadjacent to the ends thereof through which the strands of the pile yarn18 are threaded. A plurality of guides 98a also having eyelets thereinare mounted in the guide bar 89a by means of screws 9 I a, the guides98a being normally in warpwise alignment with the guides 98 and areslightly shorter than the guides 98, 98 and have additional pile threads18a threaded therethrough,

which may come from the pile beam 65 or from any other suitable sourceof supply and pass between the guide bar members 89 and 89a to the rearof the guides 98a and are threaded forwardly therethrough. The guides98, 98 are spaced in relation to the fingers 56, 56 and are adapted topass between the lingers 56. 56 in front of the reeds 38, 38, and carrythe pile yarn 10 below the iingers 56, 56 and into the shed of the loom,so that the needle 46 passes through the loops of pile yarn 18 thusformed and positions double ller threads 93. 93 between the warp threadsand over the strands of pile yarn 18 (Figure 5), below the ilngers 56when loops 94 of a single strand are desired. If desired, the additionalguides 98a are used with the pile yarn 18a threaded therethrough,thereby producing double loops if the guides 98 and 98a are shifted inthe same direction, and crossed pile loops, if the guide bars 89 and 89aare shifted in opposite directions in relation to each other. as will behereinafter described.

Extending transversely across the front of the loom and mounted inbrackets 95, 95 is a roller 98 around which the strands of pile yarn 10and 10a (if two strands of pile yarn are used) pass with a second roller91 being provided in links 98, 98, which in turn lead to brackets 98, 99on the frames 85 and 81 and within which a roller is mounted. Studs |0I,0| having inturned ends are mounted in the frames 88 and 81 and havesprings |02, |02 secured to said inturned end portions which areanchored at one end on the studs |0I, |0| and at the other end areconnected to the links 98, 98 so that the strands of pile yarn are keptunder tension at, all times and all slack is kept out of the yarn duringthe operation of the guides 90, 90 in handling the pile yarn during theweaving operation.

The lower portions of the members 88 and 81 have arm portions |03 and|04 which extend rearwardly from the bolts 88, 88 and have cross rodsand |06 secured thereto adjacent the rear ends thereof, these rods |85and |06 being pivotally connected to a Z-shaped link |01 which ispivotally mounted on a pin |08 which projects upward from the rockershaft 83 centrally thereof. A lug |09 extends upward from the rockershaft 83 adjacent one end thereof, and has a guideway I0 therein, withinwhich the rear end of the member |03 extends and moves during thelateral movement of the members 86 and 81. The lug 09 has an earthereon, to which a spring ||2 is attached which is connected to an ear||3 at the side of the Z member |01, the force -of the spring ||2 beingexerted upon the Z member |01 to normally turn the Z member |01 in aclockwise direction, when considering Figure 3 of the drawing. A lug ||4is provided adjacent the opposite end of the rocker shaft 83 with aguideway ||5 therein for the rear end of the member |04, the lugs |09and H5 forming supports also for the rear ends of the members |03 and|04 and assisting with the bolts 88, 88 in supporting the members 86 and81.

A cross-rod ||6 slidably mounted ln a lug ||1 rearwardly extending fromthe rocker shaft 83 is connected to the rear projecting portion of the Zmember |01 and has an arm I I8 thereon which is engaged by a pivotallymounted vertical lever |I9 mounted upon an axle |20- in a bracket |2|which is secured to the frame |0 of the machine in any approved manner.The lever ||9 has a roller |22 on the lower end thereof in engagementwith a face cam |23 formed integrally with a gear wheel |24 and which inturn meshes with a second gear wheel |25 on the main drive shaft of theloom.

During the operation of the looml thelever ||9 is oscillated by theroller |22 in engagement with the cam |23 which has high cam face |23aand a low cam face |23b causing the upper end of the lever ||9 to movein a counter-clockwise direction when considered from the standpoint ofthe operator in front of the loom which, in turn, moves the Z member |01about its pivot point against the force of the spring ||2 and throughthe arms |05 and |06, shifts the members 86 and 81 in proper alignmentto insert the guides 90, 60 alternately on each side of the fingers 56,56 each guide being alternately shifted to each side of its co-operatingnger so as to form single loops 94, 94 in the fabric from the pile yarn10. When desired to weave pile fabrics with double loops, the guide bar89a has the 8 guides a fitted therein and additional strands 10a of pileyarn are provided from any suitable source of supply, with the members88 and 81 and guide bars 88 and 89a operating together in a unitmovement, thereby icrming double loops ln the fabric with the filler 88being inserted through both loops instead of only one when a singlev setof guides is used.

A horizontal lever |26 is pivotally mounted to the frame I0 of the loomat its rear end by means of a bolt |21 and has a spring |28 connectedthereto which is attached to a lug |29 on the frame I0 of the loom, theopposite end of this spring |28 being secured to the lever |28 by a pin|30. A roller |3I is mounted upon the lever |26 near the free endthereof, which engages a cam wheel |32, this wheel having a high camsurface |33 and a low cam surface |34 thereon, with the cam wheel beingmounted upon and rotating with the main shaft of the loom, and which asthe cam |32 rotates, due to the action of the spring |28 imparts an upand down movement to the free end of the lever |26.

A rod |35 is attached to the free end of the lever |26, extends upwardlytherefrom and is connected to the arm fixed to the rocker shaft 83 'sothat during the operation of the loom at predetermined times the members86 and 81 are oscillated vertically by the cam wheel |32 and moveddownward so the guides 90, carry pile thread down into the open warpbetween and below the fingers 56, 56 and remain momentarily in thisposition while a shot of filling is placed into the open warp and abovethe pile threads 10 by the operation of the needle 45.

The operation of the cam wheel |32 is, of course, in timed relation tothe operation of other parts of the loom, and particularly with relationto the cam |23 which shifts the members 86 and 81 laterally during theoperation of the loom, until the guides 90, 90 are in alignment with thespaces between the fingers 56, 56 before the guides 90, 90 descend, .aswell as the guides 90a when they are used for the weaving of double looppile.

Attached tothe breastplate 49 is a .pair of brackets |31 and |38 whichare Z shaped with an elongated portion thereof fitted in face-to-facerelation upon the bracket 48 which supports the breastplate 49. Thebrackets |31 and |38 have blocks |39, |39 mounted therein, ln which ashaft |40 is journaled, the blocks |39, |39 being secured in verticalposition by bolts |4|, |4| engaged with blocks |39, |39 while otherbolts |42, |42 extend horizontally through the brackets |31 and |38 andinto the blocks |39, |38 to secure blocks |39, |39 to the brackets |38,|38. The shaft |40 has a plurality of guide discs |43 thereon, beingspaced apart to receive the fingers 56, 56 and the loops 94, 94 therebyforming guides for the fingers 56, 5B with each disc |43 passing betweenthe rows of loops 94, 94 formed in the fabric as it is woven, therebyserving to keep the iingers 56, 56 in proper alignment and also holdingthe fabric firmly on the breastplate 49. It is necessary to appli7 sometension to the pile yarn in order that the loops be formed regularly andsnugly around the fingers 56 so there ls a pulling force exerted on thefabric and the fingers inan upward direction by the pile yarns 10 and10a so the guide discs |43 serve to hold the fabric firm, and beingadjustable vertically the discs |43 can be separated the proper distanceby spacers |44 so the periphery of the discs |43 can engage the base ofthe fabric if necessary, or adjusted deep or shallow in the fabric topro- Manara 9 duce the proper friction at the sides of the loops u', uto guide the angers and hold the fabric in position during the weavingthereof.

The usual take-up roller |45 is provided at the l front of the loom overwhich the fabric passes, a second roller |48 being provided, these tworollers being standard parts of the usual loom and Y are connected withthe iet-offend take-up mechanism of the -loom not shown, so that thewoven fabric'after being loomed, and the warp threads prior to beingloomed, are kept under constant predetermined tension.

Another method of operation of the loom is illustrated in Figs. 8 to 12inclusive of the drawings and which show the weaving of a fabric withcrossed loopy pile which is a particularly eifective weave in appearancewhen pile yarns 10 and 10a of different colors are used, and which mayalso be used if cut pile is desired. When the loom is operated toproduce the crossed loop fabric, the rod |06 is removed from theconnection to the forward end o1' the Z bar |01 and attached to a stud I41 extending upward from the Z member I 01 on the opposite side of thepivot point |08 of the Z member I 01. As the loom operates and theroller |22 on the lever |I9 is in engagement with the high cam surface I23a on the cam I 23, a pull is exerted on the rod II6, thereby movingthe Z member I 01 about its pivot point in a counter-clockwisedirection. A thrust force is exerted on each of the rods and |06 whichmoves the member 86 about its pivot point 88 in a clockwise direction,thereby moving the guide bar 89 carrying the guides 90, 90 to theposition shown in Figs. 9 and 10 of the drawings and moving the member81 in La counter-clockwise direction, which shifts the guide bar 89a ina direction opposite to the movement of the guide bar 89, also as shownin Figs. 9 and 10 of the drawings. The guide bars 89 and 89a are eachfixed only to one of the guide bar members 86 and 81 by the studs 89eand 89d as heretofore described .and are individu-ally actuated only asthe guide bar members 86 and 81 .are moved and therefore are shiftedindependently of each other, in opposite directions for the weaving ofcrossed pile fabric, and in the same direction for the weaving of eithersingle or double pile fabric. 'I'his shifting of the guide bars 89 and89a crosses the pile yarns 10 and 10a in which position the guides 90and 90a carry the pile yarns 10 and 10a into the shed of the loom, wherethe needle 45 places the two strands of filler through the loops thusformed over the fingers 56 at the bottoms thereof and under the lingers56, 56. After the guides 90 and 90a are withdrawn from the shed of theloom, the reeds 38 beat up the filler and the loops into the fabric. Asthe roller II9 reaches the low cam surface 23h on the cam I 23, thespring II2 rotates the Z member |01 in a clockwise direction, therebyexerting a pull cn the rods |05 and |06, thereby moving the member 86 ina counter-clockwise direction and the member 81 in a clockwisedirection, thereby moving the guide bars 89 and 89a into the positionshown in Figs 11 and 12 of the drawings, which causes the guides 90 and90a to again cross the pile yarns 18 and 10a, in which position theguides 90 and 90a again carry the pile yarns between the fingers 56 intothe shed of the warp forming loops over the lingers 56, where the needle45 again places the strands of filler 93 under the fingers 56 andthrough the loops thus formed, and as the guides 90 Iand 90a passupward, the reeds again beat up the filler and loops into the fabric.Be-

- 10 tween the operations Just described, shots of filler are placed inthe open shed of the warp which is shedded by the harness in the usualmanner.

It will be understood that inthe weaving of the fabric bobbins are used(which are not shown) at the marginal edges of the fabrics so the llerthreads are firmly and securely anchored at the marginal edges of thefabric. all of which is common practice in the weaving of fabrics.

Figures 13 and 15 illustrate a preferred form lof fabric woven as aresult oi' a method of weaving v known as a three shot cycle, which canbe practiced in the loom heretofore described when a single guide bar isused for the insertion of the pile yarn, with the same weave beingproduced when two guide bars are used, except that two strands of pileyarn are inserted as shown in Figure 14. I prefer to space the warpsnllerwise of the loom in groups of three onset flllerwise only veryslightly with respect to the warps of eachl group with the spacing ofthe groups of warps corresponding generally to the spacing of thefingers 56, 66 on the loom, with each group being under or very closelyadjacent to the fingers 56, 58 and composed of two stuifer warp threadsI5 and I1 and a binder warp I6, Considering the fabric illustrated inFigure I6 as being produced from the right hand side of the drawingtowards the left, the warps are open with I5 up and I5 and I1 down, thelier 93 would be placed through the warp and beat up. Because of thefact that both stuiler warps I5 and I1 are taut and below the finer andonly the binder warp I6 is above the filler, when this shot of filler isbeat up it goes into the base fabric at a higher level than do the nexttwo succeeding shots of 1111er. In the next step the warps I5 and I1areshedded up and the binder warp I8 down, the pile yarn 10 insertedinto the shed by the guides 90, 90 and a shot of filler 99 placed overthe strands of pile yarn 10 below the stutter warps I5 and I1 and abovethe binder warp I6. As the guides 90 descend into the shed, because ofthe tension on the pile yarn and the fact that the guides 90 have beenshogged over the fingers prior to their descent, the pile yarn is loopedover the fingers somewhat taut and held in this 'condition until theshot of ller is made and the needle 45 withdrawn from the shed whereuponthe guides 90 ascend drawing the shot of filler previously inserted overthe pile yarn against the under side of the fingers '56. The filler andthe pile loops are thereupon beat up at a low level in the fabric. withthe filler 93 through the base of pile loop, and the pile loop beatsnugly against the first mentioned shot of iiller. For the next step,the warp I1 is shedded down and the binder warp I5 and stuier warp I6are floated, whereupon another shot of filler is, placed through thewarps, and beat up. When this last mentioned shot 0f filler is beat upagainst the loops, the loops arr compressed until the strands of yarncomposing the loops are together, above the base of the loops, therebyanchoring the pile loop very rmly in the fabricand making its removalvery diflicult. For the next step the binder warp I5 is shedded down,stuffer warp I6 is shedded upward, and the stuffer warp I1 is floated,and the cycle of operations repeated as the fabric is woven.

A complete cycle of operation is completed with each revolution of themain shaft I I of the loom.

The operating means for the needle 45 is timed -means for the heddles33, 34 and 35 is timed to` operate at least one of the heddles aftereach ller shot is beat up by the lay. y The filler inserting needleoperating means and the heddle cams and operating parts are not shown ordescribed, as these operating parts are old and well known standardparts of looms used heretofore in the manufacture of fabrics and wellknown in the art. The movement of the pile guides 90 into and out of thewarp shed and the movement of these guides laterally over the fingers58, thereby shogging the pile yarn over the nngers 58. is performed andcontrolled by the operating parts for these pile guides in relation tothe operation of the needle 45 as it places the filler into the warp.

The wheel |25 has a gear ratio of 2 to 1 with respect to the gear |24,with the cam surfaces |23a and |23b on this gear |24 being of equallength as shown particularly in Fig, 2. The gear |24 is so positioned onits axis that during each cycle of operation the roller IIS passes fromone of these surfaces |23a and |23b to the other, thereby shogging theguides 90 over the fingers 56. Each complete revolution of the cam |23shogs the guides over the fingers twice. but because of the gear ratioof the gear |24 to the gear |25, only one shogging movement of theguides 96 is made with each complete revolution of the main loom shaft IThe high cam surface |33 on the cam |32 ex tends two-thirds of thedistance around the periphery of the cam |32, with the low surface |34extending the other one-third of the distance making up the periphery ofthis cam |32. As the roller |3| travels on the low surface I 34, theguides 90 are forced down into the warp shed and remain in this positionlong enough for the needle 45 to place the filler 93 through the warpshed below the warps i5 and Il and above the binder warp I6 and alsoabove the pile yarn strands 10, and as the roller |3| travels up ontothe high surface |33 the guides 90 are raised out of the warp shed tothe position shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings.` At the beginning of eachcycle of operation as herein described, the roller |3| is approximatelyat the center of the high cam sur face |33 with the guides 90 out of theshed of the loom, and as the roller |3| reaches the low side |34, theguides descend into the shed of the loom where they remain until a shotof lller is inserted into the shed and over the strands of pile `varn,when the guides 90 are raised by the roller |3I, again running into thehigh position |33 of the cam.

When the single guide bar such as 89 with its set of guides are used,single strands of pile yarn are therefore woven into the fabric with theguides 90 carrying the pile yarn into the warp first on one side of aparticular finger and then shifted so the next descent of a guide 90 ison the opposite side of the same finger, thus initially weaving the pileinto the fabric from a continuous strand of yarn which is looped overone of the fingers 56 at the upper side of the fabric and also looped onthe underside of the fabric, Where the filler passes through the loopthus formed at the back of the fabric, and known in the art of weavingas weaving through to the back."

The double bars 89 and 89a with their guides 90 and 90a may be used intwo different ways. They may be shifted as a unit, in which case doublepile threads are woven into the fabric instead of single threads.Otherwise, the operation is the same, although producing `a pile that isheavier, provided,v of course, the same size of pile is used in bothinstances. If the bars and 88a are shifted in opposite directions, thenthe pile loops will cross each other as shown in Figs. 9 to 12 Vof thedrawings, which produces fabric of unusual appearance when pile threadsof different colors are used either for loops or cut pile. It will beunderstood` that the guides in the -bars always alternate on 4each sideof the fingers as well as on each group of warps, and that at least twoof the warps pass through the pile loops, when considering the loops asextending from one set of filler threadsto. the next set of fillerthreads.

The operation ofthe loom has hereinabove been described in sufiicientdetail to enable any `weaver to understand its operation so that repe--if a strand of pile yarn -10 were followed in the initial weave itwould describe a series of loops which were formed over the tops of thefingers and under the filler threads. This pile yarn is under tension atall times so that the yarn is drawn fairly snugly around the fingers andbeing under tension, the slack is kept out of the filler threads duringthe beating up operation, so that these loops are drawn firmly aroundthe fingers, the width of which controls the height of the loops. Thefiller threads which extend through the pile loops under the fingers arealso snugly drawn up against the underside of the fingers 56, 56 as thepile yarn guides 90 ascend out of the shed .of the loom. During theWeaving operation several of these loops remain on each of the iingers',producing a certain amount of frictional resistance in addition to thetension on the warp threads against which the reeds beat, therebyprovidinga very firm and closely Woven base fabric with both the warpand the filler yarns fitting snugly about the base of the loops, therebyvery smoothly anchoring the pile yarn into the fabric and making italmost impossible to pull out one of the strands of the pile fabricafter the cloth is loomed without breaking the yarn, a strip of theWoven fabric is thus formed into which the fingers 56 are wovenproviding a base against which the reed beats at all times therebyinsuring close and tight woven fabrics with the pile yarn being undercomplete control as long as it remains in the fingers.

If a pile having a closed loop is desired the iingers such as 56, 56 areshown having tapered ends over which the loops pass as the fabric iswoven, with the guides |40, |40 having discs |43, |43 spaced in suchmanner that the loops on each side of the lingers can pass between thediscs |43, |43 thereby serving to prevent lateral displacement of thefingers 56, 56 during the looming of the fabric.

If it is desired to cut the loops, then the fingers 56, 56 are removedand fingers 63, 63 placed in position so that as the loops pass over theends of the fingers the knives 64, 64 sever the loops through the crownsand result in the usual pile fabric with the free ends of the yarnforming a 13 pile such as is used in rugs, carpets, and the like. Also,if desired, fingers with the knives therein may be used with fingerswithout knives, thus producing a fabric with looped pile and regularpile, thus producing a fabric of striped effect of unusual appearance.

Due to the fact that the pile yarn is under tension at all times andthere is no opportunity for it to slip or move out of position duringthe weaving, the pile loops are even in height and -when severed by theknives are cut across the crowns, so that in effect a fabric is producedwhich needs very little, if any, trimming in order to produce a fabrichaving an even pile; which has not been true with the looming machinesheretofore usedfor this-kind of fabric, so that substantially all wasteis eliminated during the looming operation and very little waste resultsfrom the trimming operation and inasmuch as there is no possible chancefor the pile yarn to slip out of psition, each pile loop placed intoposition in the fabric, which results iny very little of the burlingoperation being necessary, thereby producing from the loom asubstantially perfect fabric which results not only in lower cost ofmanufacture. but also in saving of material and in increase of speedwith which the looming operation can be performed.

The spacing of the fingers 56, 56 may be varied as desired, as well asthe distance which the pile insertion guides 90, 90 may travelflllerwise, depending entirely upon the character of the weave desired,such as thickness of the pile, the denseness thereof, and the weight andcharacter of the pile yarn, and other factors, all of which are withinthe knowledge and skill of the ordinary weaver.

Although I have shown and described certain embodiments of my invention,it will be understood that I do not wish to be limited to the exactconstruction shown and described, but that various changes andmodifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim: y

1. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabrics l comprising incombination with a loom, ya series of spaced ngers mounted onthe loomforward ,of the harness and extending parallel with the warp, a seriesof spaced pile yarn feeding guides having eyelets therein through whichstrands of pile yarn are threaded movably mounted above the spacedfingers, means whereby the said feeding guides are shifted transverselyto predeter' mined. positions above the spaced fingers and moved intoand out of the warp whereby the pile yarn is looped over the spacedfingers and means for beating up the loops thus formed as the fabric iswoven.

2. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabrics comprising in combinationwith a loom, a series of spaced fingers mounted on'the loom forward ofthe harness secured at one of their ends and free at their opposite endsand extending parallel with the warp, a series of pile yarny feedingguides having eyelets therein through which strands of pile yarn arethreaded movably .mounted above the spaced fingers, means whereby thesaid feeding guides are shifted transversely'to y predeterminedpositions and moved vertically incomprising in combination with a loom,spaced fingers mounted on the loom 'forward of the harness secured atone of their ends and free at the other, pile yarn guides having eyeletsadjacent the ends thereof through which strands of pile yarn arethreaded mountedI above the fingers and adapted to extend between ,thefingers and bev tween the warp threads, means independent oi the saidfingers whereby the said guides are moved vertically and laterallywhereby the pile yarn carried by said guides is threaded over thefingers and into the warp, means whereby. filler threads are threadedthrough the loops thus formed and means on the loom whereby the pile;

loops and filler threads are beat up into fabric.

4. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabricsy comprising in combinationwith a loom, spacedA fingers mounted forward of the harness andextending parallel with the warp and having vfree ends terminating overthe breast plate of the loom, reciprocating pile yarn guides havingeye,- lets therein through which strands of pile yarn are threadedmounted above and independently of the ngers, means whereby the guidesare shifted laterally to predetermined positions,-'

means whereby the said guides are moved vertically between the fingersinto the warp threads thereby forming continuous loops, means wherebyfiller threads are placed insaid loops below the fingers and between thewarp threads, and means associated with the loom for beating the loopsand ller threads into position in the warp.

5. A loom attachment for weaving pile .fabrics comprising in combinationwith a loom, a vfixed bar extending transversely of the loom mountedforward of the harness, spaced fingers fixed at one of their ends tosaid bar and free at their other ends extending substantially parallelwith the warp, movable pile yarn guides having eyelets therein adjacenttheir free ends through which strands of pile yarn are threaded mountedabove the fingers and carrying pile yarn, means whereby the guides areshifted to predetermined lateral positions, means whereby the saidguides are f moved into position 'into the warp between the fingers andmeans in said loom for threading filler threads into the loops of pileyarn below the fingers formed by the said guides. v

6. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabrics comprising in combinationwith a loom, a fixed bar extendingflllerwise of the loom mounted forwardof` the harness, means whereby thesaid v bar and free at the otherextending substantially parallel with the warp, the free ends of thefingers being tapered and terminating over the breastplate of the loom,movable pile guides carrying pile yarn mounted over the said fingers,means whereby the guides are shifted to predetermined lateral positions,means whereby the said guides are moved vertically into position intothe warp between the fingers and means in said loom for threading fillerthreads into the loops of pile yarn formed by the said guides below thesaid fingers. v

'1. A- loom attachment for weaving pile .fabrics comprising incombination with a loom, a fixed y v bar extending fillerwise of theloom mounted forward of the harness, bars xed to the frame of the loomto which the said fixed bar is secured at its ends, means whereby theangular position of the fixed bar can be changed, spaced fingers.

fixed at one of their ends to said bar and free at the other, extendingsubstantially parallel with altem-evs the warp, the free ends of thefingers being tapered and terminating over the breastplate of the loom,movable pile guides carrying pile yarn mounted over the said fingers,means whereby the guides are shifted to predetermined lateral positions,means whereby the said guides are moved vertically into position intothe warp between the fingers aximeans in said loom for threading fillerthreads into the loops of pile yarn formedby the said guides below thesaid fingers.

8. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabrics comprising in combinationwith a loom, a bar extending fillerwise of the loom, spaced fingersfixed at one of their ends to said bar and free at the other, extendingsubstantially parallel with the warp, movable pile yarn guides havingeyelets therein through which the pile yarn is threaded mounted abovethe said fingers and spaced relative thereto and carrying pile yarn,means whereby the guides are shifted to predetermined lateral positions,means whereby the said guides are moved vertically into position intothe warp between the fingers, a non-yielding fabric holding and guidingmember spanning the free ends of the said fingers mounted on the breastbeam of the loom, and means on said loom for threading filler threadsinto the loops of pile yarn formed by the said guides.

9. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabrics comprising in combinationwith a loom, a bar extending fillerwise of the loom, spaced fingersfixed at one of their ends to the said bar and free at.

the other, extending substantially parallel with the warp, movable pileyarn guides having eyelets therein adjacent their free ends throughwhich strands of pile yarn are threaded mounted above the said fingersand spaced relative there.- to 'and carrying pile yarn, means wherebythe guides are shifted to predetermined lateral positions, means wherebythe said guides are moved into position into the warp between thefingers,4

a combined non-yielding fabric holding and guiding member spanning thefree ends of the fingers and in engagement with the rows of loops formedon each finger, and means on said loom for threading filler threads intothe loops of pile yarn formed by the said guides.

10. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabrics comprising in combinationwith a loom, a bar extending llerwise of the loom, spaced fingers fixedat oneof their ends to the said bar and free at the other, extendingsubstantially parallel with the warp, movable pile guides having eyeletsadjacent their ends through which strands of pile yarn are threadedmounted above the said ngers, and spaced relative thereto, means wherebythe guides are shifted to predetermined lateral positions, means wherebythe said guides are moved into position into the warp between thefingers, means on said loom for threading filler threads into the loopsof pile yarn formed by the said guides, and a rotatable non-yieldinghold down and spacing member mounted on the breast beam of the loomhaving spaced discs thereon between which the free ends of the fingersextend.

l1. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabare shifted laterally topredetermined positions, means whereby the said guides are moved intoposition into the warp between the fingers, and means on said loom forthreading filler threads into the loops of pile yarn formed by the saidguides.

12. In combination with a loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising incombination, a bar extending transversely of the loom in front of theharness, a plurality of fingers mounted in said bar extendingsubstantially parallel with the warp fixed at one of their ends and freeat the other, pile thread guide bar frames movably mounted on the loom,a guide bar in said frames spanning the spaced fingers, pile threadguides in said bar,

\means whereby the guide bar frames are oscillated vertically atpredetermined times, means whereby the said guide bar is moved laterallyto position the pile thread guides before the downward movement of thesaid frames whereby the pile thread guides passon opposite sides of thefingers with eachsuccessive operation, and means in said loom wherebyfilling threads'are placed through the loops of pile on the under sideof the said fingers.

13. In combination with a loom for Weaving pile fabrics comprising incombination a bar extend ing transversely of the loom in front of theharness, a plurality of fingers mounted in said bar extendingsubstantially parallel with the warp, fixed at one of their ends andfree at the other in spaced relation with each other, a rocker shaftextending transversely of the said loom, pile thread guide bar framespivotally mounted on said rocker shaft for lateral movement, a guide barmounted in said frames and spanning the said fingers, pile thread guidesin spaced relation in said guide bar, means connecting the rocker shaftand the power shaft of the loom whereby the guides are moved verticallyand means whereby the said pile guide bar frames are shifted I laterallyto predeterminedpositions prior to the descent of the pile thread guidesat each'operation of the loom.

14. A loom attachment for the weaving of pile fabric in combination witha loom, a fixed bar extending transversely of the loom, fingers spacedfrom each other mounted at one of their ends in rics comprising incombination with a loom, a bar said bar, rocker means having armsthereon in said loom, pile guide bar frames pivotally mountedintermediate their ends upon the said arms, pile guide bars in said pileguide bar frames spanning the said fingers, pile guides in said bars,and means whereby the said guide bar frames are actuated to shift thepile guides laterally and also move the said pile guides into and out ofthe warp 0f the loom.

15. A loom attachment-for weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwith a loom,a bar extending llerwise of the loom, a plurality of spacedfingers extending substantially parallel with the warp fixed in said barat one of their ends and free at their other ends, a rocker member,guide bar support frames mounted upon said rocker member, pile guidebars mounted in said frames spanning the said fingers, a plurality'ofspaced pile thread guides in said pile guide bars, actuating means onthe loom and connecting means operated by the said actuating means,whereby the said guide bar support members Iand guide bars areoscillated vertically and shifted laterally during predetermined cyclesof operation of the loom.

16. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwith a loom, a 'finger support member extending transversely of saidmazen loom forward of the harness, :lingers mounted in said supportmember in spaced relationf-wi'th v cechi-'daher extending warpwise ofthe loom, a'.

' tions for said guide bar members for vertical and lateral movementofthe said guide bar members, whereby the said guides are moved into andout of the warp and alternately on opposite sides of the fingers.

17. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwith a loom, a finger support member extending transversely of said loomforward of the harness, ngers'mounted in said support member in spacedrelation with each other extending warpwise of the loom, a shaftextending transversely of the said loom, having arms extending radiallytherefrom, guide bar members movably mountedon said arms, extendingforwardly and downwardly therefrom, a guide bar spanning the saidfingers mounted insaid guide bar members, spaced guides in said guidebar and operating vconnections for said guide bar members for verticaland lateral movement of the said guide bar members, whereby the saidguides are moved'into and out of thev warp and alternately on oppositesides of the ngers.

said flngers, a plurality of spaced pile-thread guides in said pileguide bar, cams connected with the main loom shaft and connecting meanswith the said frames operated by the said cams whereby the said guidebar frames and guide bar are moved vertically and shifted laterallyduring v predetermined cycles of operation of the loom.

2l. A loom attachment for weaving pile arie comprising with aloom a barextending transversely of the loom forward of the harness, a

, plurality of spaced fingers extending substantially parallel with thewarp xed at one of their 18. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabriccomprising in combination with a loom, a nger support member extendingtransversely of said loom forward of the harness, lingers mounted insaid support member in. spaced relation with each other extendingwarpwise of the loom,a shaft extending transversely of the said loom,having arms extending radially therefrom, guide ybar members movablymounted onsaid arms intermediate their ends,` extending forwardlyanddownwardly therefrom, a guide bar spanningthe said fingers mounted insaid guide bar members, spaced -guides in said `guide bar and operatingconnections for said guide bar members for vertical and lateralmovementof the said guide bar members, whereby the said guides are moved intoand out of the warp andalternately on opposite sides of the fingers. l

19. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwith ay loom a bar extending fillerwise lof the loom, a plurality ofspaced nngers extending substantially parallel with the warp fixed atone offtheir ends to thev said bar, knives in said ngers adjacent theirends, a rocker member, a pair of frames pivotally mounted on said rockermember, a pile guide bar on said frames spanning the said lingers. aplurality of spacedpile thread guides in said pile guide bar, cams onthemain loom shaft and a plurality of connecting means operated by saidcams whereby the said frames and pile guide bar are moved vertically.and laterally during predetermined cycles of operation of the loom.

20. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwith a loom a plural' ity of spaced fingers free of the harness and reedofthe loom extending substantially parallel with the warp xed at one .oftheir ends, knives mounted in said fingers whereby the loops formedthereinl are severed as the loops pass over the fingers, a rockermember,- a pair of guide bar frames pivotally mounted on said rockermember,

ends and free at their other ends, knives mounted in said fingers alongtheir upper edges adjacent the free ends thereof whereby the loopsformed on said ngers are severed before leaving the said ngers, a rockershaft extending transversely of the loom, arms on `said rocker shaft,frames pivotally mounted on said arms and extending forward and downwardfromk the said arms, a pile guide bar-on said frames span- Vning thesaid fingers, a plurality of spaced pile thread guides in said pileguide bar, cams connected with the main loom shaft and connecting meanswith the said frames operated by the said cams whereby the said framesare oscillated vertically and shifted laterally during predeterminedcycles of operation of the loom. l

` 22. A loom attachment 4for weaving pile fabric comprising incombination with a loom a bar extending transversely of the said loomforward of the harness, a plurality of spaced ngers mounted in the saidbarextending substantially parallel with the warp fixed at one oftheirends and free at their other ends, a rotatable guide member havingspaced discs thereon between which the free ends of .the ngers extend, arocker shaft having' fi'xed arms thereon, a pair of members pivotallylmounted intermediate their ends on the arms in the said rocker shaftextending forward and downward therefrom, a pile guide bar on saidmembers spanning the said lingers, a plurality of spaced pile threadguides in said pile guide bar, cams connected with the main loom shaftand a plurality of connecting means operated by 'thesaid cams wherebythe said members are oscillated vertically and shifted laterally duringpredetermined cycles of operation of the loom.

23. A loom attachment for weaving pile-fabric comprising in combinationwith a loom a bar extending iillerwise vof the `loom forward of theharness, aplurality of spaced lingers extending substantiallyparallelwith the warp fixed at one of their ends, the said fingers beingwider at' their free ends than at other portions, knives in said widenedportions of. thesaid fingers, guiding means forv the fingers, rockermeans extending transversely of the s'aid loom, a pairofframes pivotallymounted for lateral movement on said rocker means, a pile guide bar onsaid frames spanning the said iingers,`a pluralityof n a pile guide baron said frames spanning the walls of the channels extending between ythenngers and spaced therefrom to allow fabric loops to pass between thesaid side walls, rocker means, a pair of frames pivotally mounted onsaid rocker means, a pile guide bar on said frames spanning the saidfingers, a plurality of spaced pile thread guides in said pile guidebar, cams connected with the main loom shaft and aplurality ofconnecting means operated by the said cams, whereby the said frames areosciilated vertically and shifted laterally during predetermined cyclesof operation of the loom.

25. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwith a loom a bar extending fillerwise of the loom, a plurality ofspaced fingers extending substantially parallel with the warp iixed tothe said bar at one of their ends and free at their other ends, a guideroller having spaced discs thereon between which the free ends of thelingers extend, the said discs being spaced sufiiciently to permit theloops formed on the ngers to pass therebetween, a rocker shaft havingiixed arms thereon, pile guide bar members mounted on said arms, a pileguide bar on said pile guide bar members, a plurality of spaced pilethread guides in said pile guide bar, cam means connected with the mainloom shaft. and a plurality of connecting means operated by the said cammeans whereby the said frames are oscillated vertically and shiftedlaterally during predetermined cycles of operation of the loom.

26. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwith a loom a bar extending iillerwise of the loom, a plurality ofspaced fingers extending substantially parallel with the warp fixed atone of the ends to the said bar and free at the other, rocker meansmounted on the loom, pile thread guide bar frames pivotally mounted onsaid rocker means, a pile thread guide bar in said members, a pluralityof spaced pile thread guides in said bar, a cam on the main drive shaftof the loom, a pivotally mounted lever actuated by the cam, a connectionto the said rocker shaft whereby with the rotation of the cam the pileguides carry pile yarn between the ngers and into the open warp, a facecam connected with the said drive shaft, a pivotally mounted lever inengagement at one of its ends with the face cam. and connections betweenthe lever and the guide bar frames whereb;J at predetermined times thepile thread guides are moved laterally, whereby with each descension inthe warp the said pile guides pass on opposite sides of the fingerswhereby loops are formed over the said fingers and ans chored into thefabric by the filler and warp threads.

27. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwith a loom, a bar extending fillerwise of the loom, spaced fingersmounted at one of their ends on said bar extending warpwise of the loom.rocker means extending fillerwise of the loom, pile guide bar supportframes mounted on said rocker means, guide bars supported by the saidframes, pile guides in said bars, one of said pile guide bars beingsecured to one of said frames and the other guide bar to the otherframe, and operating means for said pile guide frames, whereby they aremoved vertically and shifted horizontally and cause the pile guides topass alternately on each side of the said fingers into the open warp onthe loom.

28. A loom attachment Vfor weaving pile fabric comprising in combinationwitha loom, a bar I extending flllerwise of the loom, spaced ngersmounted at one of their ends on said bar extending warpwise of the loom,a rocker shaft extending llerwise of the loom arms on said shaft, a pileguide bar support frames mounted on said arms. pile guide bars in saidframes, pile guides in said bars, one of said pile guide bars beingsecured to one of said frames and the other guide bar to the otherframe, and operating means for said pile guide frames, whereby they aremoved vertically and shifted horizontally and cause the pile guides topass alternately on each side of the said fingers into the open warp onthe loom, the said pile guide bars being mounted on said frames in sideto side relation with each other and movable independently of eachother. 29. A loom attachment for weaving pile fab rlcs comprising incombination with a loom, spaced fingers mounted thereon extendingwarpwise of the loom, vertically and horizontally movable pile guidebars positioned above the said fingers and above the shed of the loom,pile yarn guides in said bars having eyelets adjacent the ends thereofthrough which strands of pile yarn are threaded, and means connectingthe said pile guide bars with the said loom, whereby a plurality ofstrands of yarn is shogged over the said fingers and. threaded betweensaid fingers into the shed of the loom and interwoven with the basefabric during the weaving' thereof by the loom.

30. In combination with a loom for weaving pile fabric comprising incombination, a plurality of spaced fingers extending warpwise of theloom and mounted on the said loom, a set of spaced pile threadguideshaving pile yarn receiving eyelets adjacent the ends thereofmounted above the said fingers above the shed of the loom, the spacingof the guides corresponding approximately with the spacing of thefingers, vertical actuating members for said guides whereby the saidguides are moved into and out of the shed of the loom and means wherebyeach of the said guides are shifted to predetermined positions above thespaces between the said ngers prior to each descent of the guides intothe shed of the loom.

31. A method which comprises arranging warp threads iril'fa loom havingmovable beating means in spaced groups each group comprising stufferwarps and a binder warp, each warp being spaced slightly fillerwise withrespect to other warps in the same group, at least one warp of eachgroup being a binder warp and at least two of the warps being stufferwarps, placing a filler through the warp under the binder warp,threading pile yarn under tension over fingers and into the warp on eachside of each group of warp threads and entirely in advance of theheating means, placing filler yarn through the loops of pile formed onthe ngers below the stuffer warps and above the binder warp, drawing thestrands of pile yarn snugly over the ngers and the filler against theunder edges of the fingers shedding one of the stuier warps and floatingthe balance of the warps, inserting a filler thread and beating up thelast mentioned filler directly against one side of the loops of pileyarn.

32. A method which comprises arranging warp threads in a loom havingmovable beating means in spaced groups, each group comprising aplurality of warps4 spaced llerwise only slightly with respect to otherwarps in the same group, at least one warp of each group being a binderwarp and at least two of the warps being stuifer warps, placing a fillerthrough the warp under the binder warp, threading pile yarn undertension over the beating means, placing nller yarn through the loops ofpile formed on the lingers below the stuifer warps and above the binderwarp drawing thec pile yarn snugly over. the iingers and the filleragainst the under edges of the ngers. shedding one of the stuer .warpsand floating the balance of the warps, inserting a iiller thread andbeating up the last mentioned ller directly against one side of theloops of pile yarn and thereafter cutting the pile loops as the loopsare forced towards the ends of the fingers during successive weavingoperations.

33. A method which comprises arranging warp threads in a loom havingmovable beating means in spaced groups, each group consisting of a, plurality of warps in side'to side relation with each other and odset onlyslightly-in a illlerwise direction with respect to each adjacent warp ofeach group. at least one warp of each group being a binding warp and atleast two of the warps being stuifer warps, placing a illier through thewarp under the binding warp, threading a plurality of strands of pileyarn under tension over flngersand into the shed of the warp in eachyside of each group of warp threads and entirely in advance of thebeating means, placing ller yarn through the-loops of pile formed on thengers below the stuifer warps and above the binding warp drawing vthepile yarn snugly over the ilngers and around the filler yarn, sheddingone of the stuifer warps and floating the balance of the warps beatingthe loops thus formed and the illier yarn against :the previously formedfabric. inserting a iiller thread and beating up the last mentionedfiller directly againstone side of the loops of pile yarn.

34. A method which comprises arranging warp threads in a loom havingmovable beating means in spaced groups, each group consisting of aplurality of warps in side to side relation with each other and oifsetonly slightly in a illlerwise direction with respect to each adjacentwarp of eachv group. at least one warp of each group being a bindingwarp and at least two of the warps being stuifer warps, placing a fillerthrough the warp under the binding warp, vthreading a plurality ofstrands of pile yarn under tension over fingers in the same directionand into the warp on each side of each group of warp threads andentirely in advanceof the beating means, placing filler yarn through theloops of pile formed on the lingers below the stuifer warps and abovethe binding warp drawing'the pile yarn snugly over the iingers and theilller against the under side of the fingers, shedding one of thestutter warps and floating the balance of the warps, inserting a llerthread and beating up the last mentioned illler directly against oneside of the loops or pile yarn. f

35. A method which comprises arranging warp threads in a loom havingmovable beating means in spaced groups, each group consisting of aplurality of warps in side to side relation with each other and oifsetonly slightly in a fillcrwise direction with respect to each adjacentwarp of each group, at least one warp of each group being a binding warpand at least two of the warps being stutter warps, placing a nllerthrough the warp under tension under the binding warp, threading aplurality of strands of pile yarn over fingers in opposite directionsand into the warp on each side of each group of warp threads, andentirely in advance of the beating means,placingillleryarnthroughtheioopsofpile formed 22 on the lingers belowthe stuifer warps and above the binding warp, shedding one of thestuifer warps and floating the balance of the warps, vinserting a illlerthread and beating up the last mentioned illler directly against oneside of the loops of pile yarn.

36. A method of weaving pile fabrics ons, loom having movable beatingmeans which comprises weaving warp and filler yarn into a base fabricand conc ently withthe weaving of the base fabric interweaving pile yarninto the fabric by shOg'Elng strands of pile yarn over warpwiseextendingfixed fingers. threading the strands of pile yarn between thefingers andentirely forwardly of the beating means .into the shed of the loom belowthe path of the filler inserting means, inserting illler strands overthe pile yarn and through the open shedded warp,again threading the pileyarn upward between the fingers. thereby looping the pile yarn aroundthe filler, keeping the pile yarn under tension whereby the loops thusformed are drawn snugly around the fingers with the illler and beating,up .the nller and pile loops against the previously formed fabric heldin frictional engagement with the said fingers.

3'7. A method weaving -pile fabrics on a loom having movable beatingmeans which comprises weaving a base fabric of ther usual warp andfiller threads and concurrently weaving pile yarn into the -base fabricby shogging pile yarn over xed warpwise extending fingers, threadingpile yarn between the fingers and the warp threads and 'entirelyforwardly of the beating means to a point below the path of the illlerthread insertion means, placing illler threads over the pile yarn andbetween certain of the warps, drawing the pile yarn upward between thenge keeping the pile yarnvunder tension whereby continuous loops areformed over the fingers and filler yarns in ksnug frietional engagementwith the finger, beating up the yarn thus positioned against previouslyformed fabric against the frictional resistance of the loops and filleron the fingers and the tension of the warps. v

38. A method of weavingpilefabrlcs on a loom having a movable beatingmeans which comprises weaving a base fabric of the usual warp and fillerthreads and concurrently weaving pile yarn vinto the base fabric byshogging pile yarn over ixed-warpwise extending fingers, threading pileyarn between the fingers and the warp threads and entirely forwardly ofthe beating means to a point below the path of the filler threadinsertion means, placing filler threads over the pile yarn and betweencertain of the warps, drawing. the

the pile yarn under tension whereby continuous loops are formed over the:lingers and filler yarn in snug frictional engagement with Vthe ringer,beating up the yarn thus positioned against previously formed fabricagainst the frictional resistance of the loops and iier on the lingersand the tension of the warps and retaining in the ngers a plurality ofloops whereby an area in the fabric forms a base against whichsubsequent fabric is formed in addition to the tension provided by thewarp threads.

39. In combination with a. loom for weaving a base fabric composed of aplurality of warp and filler threads, a series of fingers extending ymounted above the said ngers, means whereby the said pile thread guidesare moved vertically between the spaced fingers into and out ofthe shedof the loom at pre-determined times, means whereby the said pile threadguides are shogged over the said lingers prior to their descent into theshed of the loom and means whereby pile yarn is supplied to said guides.

40. In combination with a loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising meanswhereby a base fabric is woven of warp and ller threads, a series ofnngers extending warpwise of the loom and in spaced relation with eachother illlerwise of.

the loom, rod like pile yarn guides having eyelets therein verticallymovable into and out of the shed of the loom betweenthe fingers andbelow the path of travel of the iller thread inserting means andlaterally movable over the said fingers, means whereby the said guidesare 'actuated laterally and vertically, and pile yarn supply means, thesaid guides serving to shog the pile yarn over the fingers and to carrythe said pile yarn below the path of the illler inserting means wherebythe ller is placed over the pile yarn.

41. In combination with a loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising meanswhereby a base fabric is woven of warp and illler threads, a series offingers extending warpwise of the loom and in spaced relation with eachthe looml rod like pile yarn guides having eyelets therein adjacenttheir ends vertically movable into and out of the shed of the loombetween the fingers and below the path of travel of the ller threadinserting means and laterally movable over the said fingers, meanswhereby the said guides are actuated laterally and vertically and pileyarn supply means and tension means for said pile yarn.

42. In combination with a loom for weavingv pile fabrics comprisingmeans whereby a base fabric is woven of warp and filler threads, aseries of fingers extending warpwise of the loom and in spaced relationwith each other nllerwise ofv the loom, rod like pile yarn guides havingeyelets therein vertically movable into and out of the shed of the loombetween the ngers and below the path of travel of the illler threadinserting means and laterally movable over the said fingers, meanswhereby the said guides are actuated laterally and vertically, pile yarnsupply means, and means whereby the pile yarn is placed under tensionthe said guides serving to shog the pile yarn over the fingers and intothe shed of the loom below the path of travel of the ller thread inserting means thereby forming a series of loops over the fingers andaround the ller inserted over the said pile yarn.

43. In combination with a loom for weaving pile fabrics comprising meanswhereby a base other nllerwise of fabric is woven of warp and llerthreads. a series of fingers extending warpwise of theloom and in spacedrelation with each other illlerwise of the loom, rod like pile yarnguides having eyelets therein ,vertically movable into and out of theshed of the loom, between the nngers and below thevpath lof travel ofthe ller thread inserting means and laterally movable over thesaidiingers, means whereby the said guides are actuated laterally andvertically. pile yarn supply means, and pile yarn tension means, thesaid guides threading the pile yarn in the fingers and into the shed ofthe loom below the path of the illler inserting means whereby a seriesof loops are formed over the fingers in frictional engagement therewithproviding resistance to the movement of the fabric through the loom anda background for beating up the fabric in addition to the usual tensionof the warp threads.

44. A loom attachment for weaving pile fabrics comprising in combinationwith a loom, a series of spaced ilngers mounted on the loom andextending parallel with the warp, a series of spaced substantially rigidpile yarn feeding guides having eyelets therein through which strands ofpile yarn are threaded movably mounted at a diierent level than thespaced fingers, means for shifting said feeding guides transversely inunison to predetermined positions laterally of said spaced fingers,means for moving said feeding guides into and out of the warp wherebythe pile yarn is looped over the spaced ngers, and means for beating upthe loops4 thus formed as the fabric is woven.

EUGENE F.- CLARK.

REFERENCES crrEn The following'references are of record in the ille ofthis patent:

